there be 句型的用法
There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be＋代词或名词(短语)＋地点/时间状语”。(其实质句式为倒装句)这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)＋there”构成。例如：
1.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
(紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is)
2.There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.(否定句)
3.Is there anything wrong with your ears？(Yes，there is/No，there isn't.)
4.There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？(反意疑问句)
除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be＋sb.＋doing sth.＋地点/时间状语”。例如：
There are several children swimming in the river.河里有几个孩子在游泳。
不难看出，各种时态的变化是通过be动词的变化来体现的。我们在使用过程中，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。
例如：我们要说“明天有一个班会。”
(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×）
(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.(√)
有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时，两种都可以用。
例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall.(地图为三班学生所有。)
There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three.(地图存在于三班。)
由此看来，There will have是错误的搭配方式。
使用There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题：
1.There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。
例如：(1)There is _____ on the floor.
(2)There are _____ on the floor.
选项：A.cat B.water C.boxes D.football
解析：(1)由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知(2)应选C。
2.如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，some，few，a few，many或用数词＋hundred/thousand/million，hundreds/thousands/millions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如：
(1)There were_____students in our school.
A.hundreds B.eight hundred
C.eight hundreds of
(2)There is _____water.You needn't get some more.
A.few B.little C.much
解析：(1)由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，(2)由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。
3.注意不定代词的用法。
(1)不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge.(2)不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper.
4.There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。
如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？
但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看做肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？
5.要注意句子前后意思的一致性。
有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。
例如：(1)There is _____ food.You needn't buy any.
A.any B.some C.no
(2) There is _____ food.You have to buy some.
A.any B.some C.no
从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：(1)B；(2)C。
6.There be句型还有就近一致原则：即be动词的数应与离它最近的一个主语保持一致。
例如：用be动词的适当形式填空
(1)There ___ an apple and three oranges on the table.
(2)___ there three oranges and an apple on the table?
解析：(1)因为该句中an apple才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非an apple and three oranges是句子的主语，故而(1)的答案应为is。
(2)因为该句中three oranges才是与be动词接近的主语，而并非three oranges and an apple是句子的主语，故而(2)的答案应为Are。
There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be＋sb.＋doing sth.＋地点/时间状语”。另外，还得提醒一下同学们，如果要表达诸如“这里/那里(挺漂亮……)等”这样的修饰句型，应用“It’s… here/there.”而不是“Here/there is…”。
中考原题
1.—Oh，there isn't enough _____ for us in the lift.
—It doesn't matter，let's wait for the next.
A.ground B.floor C.place D.room
2.There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday.
A.was B.will be
C.will have D.are going to be
3.There _____ a football game in our school.
A.has B.will have C.will be
4.There is going to _____ a report _____ Chinese history in our school this evening.
A.have；on B.be；on
C.have；for D.be；of
5.There is _____ food here.We'll have to buy some.
A.any B.some C.no
6.There are _____ days in a week.
A.the seven B.seventh
C.the seventh D.seven
7.There are few _____ in the fridge.Let's go and buy some peas，carrots and cabbages.
A.vegetables B.fruit
C.meat D.eggs
8.Look！There are some _____ on the floor.
A.child B.water C.boxes D.girl
9.There were two _____ people at yesterday's meeting.
A.hundreds B.hundreds of C.hundred
10.The letter from my uncle was short.There wasn't _____ news.
A.many B.a few
C.much D.few
参考答案
1—5 D B C B C
6—10 D A C C C
第一部分 常用于引言段的句型的2类表达方式
一、议论文常用句型
1. It is a fact that….
2. It is well-known that….
3. There is no doubt that….
4. I think that….
5. Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer….
6. Some people say/believe/claim that….
7. It is generally believed that….
8. It is widely accepted that….
9. It is argued/held that….
10. While it is commonly believed that…, I believe….
11. It can be concluded that….
12. People’s views vary from person to person.
二、图表作文常用句型
1. The table/diagram/bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram/curve graph /column chart shows/illustrates/reveals/describes/depicts/reflects that/how….
2. The graph provides some interesting data regarding….
3. The data/statistics/figures can be interpreted as follows:
4. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….
5. As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table, ….
6. It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/diagram/figures that….
7. The vertical/horizontal axis stands for….
8. There was rapid/noticeable/great/sharp/steep/remarkable/slow/little/slight/gradual rise/increase/decrease/fall/decline/drop/change in development in ….
9. The percentage remained steady/stable at….
10. The figures stayed the same….
11. The figures bottomed out/peaked at….
12. The figures reached the bottom/a peak/a plateau during….
第二部分 常用于正文段的句型的4类表达方式
一、A、B型作文段落常用句型和表达方式
1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B.
2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect.
3. A and B differ in….
4. A differs from B in….
5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in….
6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B….
7. A…, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B….
8. While it is generally believed that A …, I believe B….
9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different.
10. Both A and B …. However, A…; on the other hand, B….
11. The most striking difference is that A…, while B….
二、原因分析性段落常用的句型和表达方式
1． There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
2． There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
3． Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
4． Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
5． The reasons are as follows.
三、因果推理性段落常用句型和表达方式
1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot.
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot.
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we’ve learned a lot.
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we’ve learned a lot.
5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much.
6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much.
7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight.
8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight.
四、举例型段落常用句型和表达方式
1. Here is one more example.
2. Take … for example.
3. The same is true of….
4. This offers a typical instance of….
5. We may quote a common example of….
6. Just think of….
第三部分 常用于结尾段的句型的3类表达方式
一、对全文进行归纳总结的句型
1． From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….
2． Taking into account all the factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that….
3． Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusion that….
4． All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that…
5． From what is mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that…
6． To sum up/draw a conclusion, we find that….
7． In short/brief/a word/conclusion/sum/, it is….
8. Therefore/Thus/Then, it can be inferred/concluded/deduced that….
9. From/Through/According to what has been discussed above, we can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that….
10. It is believed that….
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