非谓语动词在特殊句型中的运用,不失为中学英语中的一大难点。现在让我们真正地来认识一下这些较为特殊的非谓语动词。
一、do nothing but(except)+不带to的不定式:
中文意思是“无事可做,只好……;除了干……什么也没做”。例如:
(1)I could n’t do anything but sit there and hope.
(2)Lucy did nothing except clean the dishes.
注意:若but(except)之前的谓语动不是do,那么but(except)之后的不定式要带to。例如:Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.
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二、1、can not help but+不带to的不定式,意为“不得不,只得”。
2、can not help+动名词,意为“禁不住”。例如:
(1)The little girl couldn’t help but tell the truth.
(2)People couldn’t help laughing at the foolish emperor in the procession.
三、1、used to+不带to的不定式,“过去时常作某事”。
2、be used to+动名词,“习惯于作某事”,可用于各种时态。例如:
(1)He used to play cards a lot.
(2) You can say what you like, I’m used to being criticized.
(3) When I was young,I was used to walking long distance.
四、1、why not+不带to的不定式,表示“提出建议或劝告”
2、why+不带to的不定式,“做某事是不必要或无意义的”。例如:
(1) A: I usually go there by train.
B: Why not try going by boat for a change?
(2)A: Why argue with him?
B: He’ll never change his mind.
五、1、I would rather…than…,前后都跟不带to的不定式。
2、prefer to do something rather than+不带to的不定式。
3、prefer+动名词to+动名词。
1、2意思相同,都是“宁可(宁可)……而不……”,3意为“喜欢……而不喜欢……例如:
(1)The girl would rather try again than give up her hope.
(2)The heroine preferred to die rather than surrender.
(3)My little son often prefers watching TV to seeing a film.
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr /> 六、1、What about+动名词?征求对方意见或询问消息时用;动名词之前可以有其逻辑主语,“……”怎么样?
2、How about+动名词?同上。例如:
(1)How about the two of us talking a walk down the garden?
(2)What about having a game of table tennis?
七、1、It is no use(good,run)+动名词,做某事没用处(好处,有趣)。
2、There is no+动名词,“不可能……”例如:
(1)It is no use crying over spilt.
(2)There is no knowing when we shall meet again.
八、1、be worth(busy)+动名词,……值得做(……忙于做某事)。
2、be worthy+不定式的被动式 /be worthy+of动名词的被动式,意为“……值得做”。例如:
(1)A:What do you think of the book?
B:Oh,execellent.It’s worth reading a second time.
(2)The students are busy preparing for the examination.
(3)The old professor is worthy to be respected.
(4)This problem is worthy of being discussed.
九、need(require、 want)+动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。
例如:(1)The sentence needs improving.
(2)These orphans require looking after(to be looked after).
(3)These young trees want watering(to be watered).
十、make oneself+过去分词,这种过去分词常用词有understood、heard。例如:
(1)Because of my poor English,I’m afraid I can’t make myself understood.
(2)The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself heard.
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总之,正因为非谓语动词比较复杂、灵活多变,同学们对此深感难以掌握,常考常错,叫苦不迭。但良好语言成绩的取得来自于对特殊句型的良好掌握,这需要我们在学好非谓语动词方面更加注重实效。
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr />
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