倒装句型是英语高考试题中的常考点。所谓倒装,即把英语句子的正常语序“主语+谓语”变成“谓语+主语。”倒装有两种:谓语全部放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或情态动词移至主语之前,则叫部分倒装。本文就英语中常用的倒装句型作以小结。
1.疑问句需要倒装,如:
Are you Chinese?
What does your father do?
但特殊疑问句中根据主语或主语的定语提问则不必倒装。
2.直接引语位于句首的陈述句需倒装,如:
“NO,”said Susan.
3.在以副词here, there或in, out, up, down, away开头的句子里需倒装,如:
There goes the bell.
但主语如是人称代词,则不必倒装。
4.only+副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首则需倒装,如:
Only in this way can you hope to make improvement in the operating system.(2003上海春季高考)
但only+主语位于句首则不倒读。
5.as作“尽管”讲,引导让步状语从句需倒装,如:
Much as I like it, I won’t buy it.
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
注意:
①名词作表语位于句首不加冠词;
②though引导的让步状语从句既可不倒装也可倒装。
6.否定意义的词或短语位于句首时需要倒装。这类词或词组有:never, hardly, seldom, barely, little, few, not once, no longer, no more, at no time, by no means, in no way等。
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr /> The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other. (NMET 2003)
7.几个否定词前置的特殊句型需要倒装,如:Not only…but(also), Not until…, NO sooner…than, Hardly…when…,Scarcely…when…等。
Not only has he read the book but he can remember what he has read.
(前一个分句倒装,后面的分句则不倒装)
8、在so…that句型中和so位于句首时需倒装,如:
So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I was determined to learn English well.(2010上海)
9.如果条件从句中有were, had或should等时,可将if省去,将were, had和should移到句首,如:
Had I come earlier, I would have caught the first bus.
Should they come, what would you do?
10.so, nor, neither位于句首时(均有“也”的意思)的倒装,如:
He has never been abroad, neither have I.
11.there be句型表“存在”时需倒装,如:
There is no need for him to come.
注意:
①be与其后的主语保持数的一致。
②除there be外类似的结构还有there seems to be, there happens to be, there lies, there stands等。如:
There stands a house on the hill.
12.为了表达生动,或为了强调表语、状语,或为了句子均衡进行的倒装,如:
Present at the meeting were a number of well-known ENT experts.
Gone are the days when Chinese people used foreign oil.
13.介词短语或地点状语前置谓语动词为be,come,lie,stand,walk等时常用倒装,如:
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles,turkeys and toys.
14.某些表示祝愿的句子需要倒装,如:
May you succeed!
Long live China!
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr />
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