英语从句法上分有词类(实词 虚词)、句型结构(五大句型结构)、和句子类型(简单句、复合句),复合句有名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句),形容词从句(定语从句)副词性从句(状语从句)。如果如果学生能够正确理解句子并能简化,运用时就可以用不同的形式表达同样的意思。无论做选择题还是运用到写作上,都会有不同的效果,那么该如何简化呢?本人从教学过程中总结了一些实例谈谈一点想法。
一、如何简化宾语从句
1 当谓语动词是 tell teach discuss wonder等词时,后面的宾语从句可转化为特殊问句词+不定式。
如:He showed us how we should do the work.
→He showed us how to do the work.
I do not know what I will do →I do not know what to do.
2 谓语动词是 decide hope wish choose等词时如果主句和从句主语相同,可转化为V+不定式短语
she hopes that she will be back soon.
→she hopes to be back soon.
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二、如何简化定语从句
1 用过去分词
He is the only person who was invited to the Party.
→He is the only person invited to the Party.
2用现在分词
I have a friend who lives in Londen.
→I have a friend living in Londen.
3用不定式
He has a large family that he must support.
→He has a large family to support.
4用介词短语
The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.
→The reason for his absence was that he was ill.
三 状语从句转化
1 由when since as than while if 引导的状语从句,如果主语与从句主语一致,从句主语可省
you must be careful when you are crossing the street .
→you must be careful crossing the street .
2 当从语的主语是it谓语动词是be或从语为there be句型,时,it和be或there be句型可省略
He will be here to give you help when it is necessary.
→He will be here to give you help when necessary
We can go here if it is necessany→We can go here if necessany
3 so—that引导的从句可转化为too_to not enough- to或in order to
she is so young that she can not go to school.
→she is too young to go to school.
→she is not old enough to go to school.
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr /> He got up early so that he might catch the early bus.
→He got up so early as to catch the early bus.
→In order to catch the early bus, he get up early.
4 if引导的主从条件复合句可转化为祈使句+and+将来时
If you word hard,you will succeed
→Work hard and you will succeed
If you can give us one more week, we will finish it.
→One more week,and we will finish it.
5 once引导的时间状语从句简化为once+过去分词
The research is so designed that once it is begun,nothing can be done to change it.
→The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.
6 as soon as the moment the minute the insrant immediately directly可转化:
1 on+n/ving 如:on his arrival/on hearing the news.
2 to/at+n at the sight of /to the sound of
四 其他
1 虚拟句的转化
If there had not been his help, I would not have made so much progress.
→Without his help , I would not have made so much progress.
还可用but for
2并列句的转化
One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and the other should be painted white.
→One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow,and the other white.
3主语从句
What we should do next still remains a problem.
→What to do next still remains a problem.
4表语从句
My idea is that we should do more work with less money.
→My idea is for us to do more work with less money.
5 It is said/thought 可转化为sb is said/sb is thought
It is said that he is rich→ He is said to be rich.
以上仅仅是自己的一点归纳,有不当之处,请见谅。
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr />
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