单项选择是各级各类考试中被广泛采用的题型,用于测试考生对英语语法、词汇知识和较为简单的表达形式的掌握情况。它要求学生有一定的分析、比较能力。而有的学生对题干句式不熟悉,无形中增加了试题的难度。因此,要设法将复杂的、较陌生的句式还原成简单的、常见的句式,以便快速把握句子结构,理解题目意思。还原的方法归纳起来主要有以下几种:
(1) 将疑问句还原成陈述句。请看例题:
Is this factory _____ you visited last week?
A. the one B. that C. where D. when
这是定语从句里很典型的一个题目。有的学生一看题目,很容易就选了B,以为是从句缺少宾语。但如果将题干还原成陈述句:This factory is ____ you visited last week,就会发现句子缺少从句的先行词,答案中只有A项可以充当,所以本题答案只能是A。
(2) 将倒装语序还原成正常语序。请看例题:
To all of you _____the honour.
A. belongs to B. belong to C. belongs D. belong
有的学生不作分析,误将all of you当主语,而选B或D。但如果把题干还原成正常语序,即:The honour_____ to all of you.就可以看出主语为不可数名词the honour,从而判断出谓语动词用单数,答案就是C。
(3) 将感叹句还原成陈述句。请看例题:
How pleased the man was _____ that his missing son has been found!
A. hearing B. heard C. hear D. to hear
若不仔细分析,有的学生很容易选A,因为横线前有was。若将题干还原成陈述句:The man was pleased _____ that his missing son has been found. 句子中包括的一个结构 be pleased to do,一目了然,答案为D。
(4) 将省略句还原成完整的句子。请看例题:
John plays football ______, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
说实话,很多学生初看这个题目,搞不清是什么结构,不知道该怎么来选。经过分析,可以看出句子中有插入语,而且插入语又有省略。因此,要试着把省略的部分补齐,句子的完整结构是这样的:John plays football ____ David if he doesn’t play better than David .要表达的意思是John踢足球就算不比David好,至少也跟他水平相当!肯定句中只有用B。
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr />类似的题目还有:
1) Her pronunciation is _____, if not better than, her teacher’s.
A. as well B. as well as C. as good D. as good as ( key: D )
2) This bridge is _____, if not stronger than, that one.
A. so strong B. as strong C. so strong as D. as strong as ( key: D )
(5)将强调句还原成一般句式。请看例题:
It was the whole morning that the man spend _____ the TV set.
A. repaired B. repairing C. to repair D. in repair
把强调结构拿掉,句子即被还原成:The man spend the whole morning _____ the TV set。可以看出,句中包括spend time doing sth 的结构,所以选B。
(6) 将被动语态还原成主动语态。请看例题:
The workers are ____ to work on Saturdays.
A. hoped B. agreed C. expected D. decided
看到有to,有的学生觉得答案都对。但仔细一看,这个句子是被动语态,把它还原成主动语态后会发现,句中包含的是____ sb to do,这样就只有C 正确了。
(7) 将复合句还原成简单句。请看例题:
A. is B. are C. will be D. were
有的学生看不懂题目,但仔细看可以发现题中in favor of the new airport 部分做定语,省略了 which is。这时把做定语的部分拿掉,剩下的部分就是At present, one of the arguments _____ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. 此时就不难找出答案A了。再如:
The number of foreign students attending Chinese university____ rising steadily since 1990.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have been
把做定语的部分拿掉,句子的主干为:The number____rising steadily since 1990. 结合时间状语,很容易得出答案为C。
[8]电大学习网.免费论文网[EB/OL]. /d/file/p/2024/0425/fontbr />
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