中央广播电视大学2006-2007学年度第二学期"开放本科"期末考试
英语专业 变化中的英语 试题
2007年7月
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Information for the examinees:
This examination consists of 3 parts. They are:
Part I: Knowledge Test (40 points)
Part Ⅱ: Reading Test (40 points)
Part III .. Writing Test (20 points)
The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time
allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.
There will be no extra time to transfer answers to the Answer
Sheet ; therefore, you should write ALL your answers on the Answer
Sheet as you do each task.
Part I Knowledge Test {40 points}
Section I Choose the best answer ac'cording to what you have learned in this course= (20 points}
1. Standard English started in __ century.
A. 5th B. 1 lth
C. 14th D. 15th
2. Dialects refer to
A. different ways of speaking the same language
B. different written systems
C. different grammatical structures
D. different languages spoken in one place
3. Britain was an imperial power for about
A. 80 years
B. 1 century
C. 2 centuries
D. 3 centuries
4. "My Fair Lady "was an excellent film made from a play called "Pygmalion", which
was written by the famous Irish playwright, __
A. George Bernard Shaw
B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. William Shakespeare
D. Oscar Wilde
5. In the __________ who were born in Britain, North America, Australia,
ere and are of British descent.
A. Outer Circle... English users
B. Inner Circle... native speakers
C. Expanding circle... English users
D. Outer Circle... native speakers
6. The most important factor that reinforces the international role of English is
A. television B. travel and transport
C. entertainments D. developments in IT
7. During the later part of the 11th century AD, England was ruled by
A. Latin-speaking Romans
B. French speaking Normans
C. Spanish speaking Castilians
D. Dutch speakers from Holland
8. Standard English began as a variety belonging to
A. the North of England
B. the North East of England
C. South of England
D. South East England
9. The New Englishes can be called . But their meanings are quite different.
A. regional varieties of English
B. emerging English
C. local standard Englishes
D. all of the above
10. The most commonly used language of international deals between Asian and other
countries is
A. Chinese B. English
C. Creole D. Japanese
Section 2 True or False (20 points]
Decide the following statements to be True (T} or False (F) according to what you have learned
from the course.
11. The term interlanguage is used for languages of learners who have only partial
control of a language.
12. ELl is English as a mother tongue (first language); ESL is English as a second
language; EFL is English as a foreign language.
13. Latin and Sanskrit are dead languages.
14. Local varieties of English are not so difficult to learn as Standard English because
students can feel that the language they are learning belongs to their own country
and culture.
15. Natural languages are full of ambiguity, but English is an exception, which is why
English is the language of international air traffic control.
16. Spanish, French and Portuguese are descendents of Latin.
17. In the worldwide community of users of English, a Chinese student majoring i~
English stands in the Outer circle.
18. Pidgin is a makeshift language, the result of human inventiveness and creativeness
and creativlty in doing business.
19. Although they don't speak a RP, English dialect speakers always understand it.
20. Television programs were a major reason why English became popular globally after
the second world War.
Part Ⅱ Reading Test 140 points)
passage 1 (Questions 21--25)
Read the following passage, and decide whether the statements are T (True) or F (False).
Write your answerS against the numbers on your Answer Sheet.
When students of English are advanced enough to read authentic texts, that is stories,
articles, and even books, not written especially for them, but intended for a wide
international readership, they are sometimes surprised to find how similar are the written
materials produced in England, in America, in India, in Africa or in New Zealand. Such a
reader can often read many pages without being at all aware what part of the English
speaking world the writer comes from, or where the work was published. Until he looks
inside the front cover he may be quite unsure whether the publisher is based in London or
Cape Town, New York or Singapore.
As a rule there is a clue, sooner or later perhaps the name of a plant or an animal
found only [na few parts of the world. Or the reader may notice a word like faucet, or
sidewalk, or vest and know that these are American-English terms for what British
English calls tap, or/mvement, or waistcoat. Written English, much more than the varieties
of spoken English, is standardized. It is not entirely the same throughout the English
speaking world, but it is similar. The differences are quite superficial For many practical
purposes they can be disregarded most of the time. Standard English (as this standardized
written English is called) is an advantage to the international user. Once he or she has a good
reading knowledge, then printed English from all over the world or. elmost every topic you
can imagine is within reach.
gL Readers may feel that the author is obviously hlased against British English.
ga. It is clearly stated in the first paragraph that readers will find surprising similarity in
written English in different parts of the English speaking world.
23. The author mentions several English-speaking countries or regions in the first
paragraph to exemplify wide use of Englishes.
24. In the author' s opinion, there ia invariably something in a passage that betrays
where it is written.
25. Readers may find the tone of the whole passage is impersonal.
Passage 2 (Questions 26 30)
Read the following passage, and answer the questions after the passage.
Slang, informal, nonstandard words and phrases, generally have shorter lives than tile
expressions of ordinary colloquial speech. The former are typically formed by creative, ohen
witty juxtapositions of words or images. Slang can be contrasted with jargon (technical
language o~ occupation[ or other groups) and with ergot or cant (secret vocabulary of
underworld groups), but the borderlines separating these categories from slang are
extremely blurred, and some writers use the terms cant, argot, and jargon in a general way
to include all the foregoing meanings.
Slang trends originate in subcultures within a society. Occupational groups (for
example, loggers, police, medical professionals, and computer specialists) are prominent
originators of both jargon and slang. Other groups creating slang include the armed forces,
teenagers, racial minorities, ghetto residents, labor unions, citizen-hand radiobroadcasters,
sports groups, drug addicts, criminals, and even religious denominations (Episcopalians, for
example, produced the term ' spike' , meaning a High Church Anglican). Slang expressions
often embody attitudes and values of group memhers. They may thus contribute to a sense of
group identity and may convey to the listener information about the speaker's background.
Before an apt expression becomes slang, however, it must be widely adopted by members of
the suheuhure. At this point slang and jargon overlap greatly. If the subculture has enough
contact with the mainstream culture, its figures of speech become slang expressions known
to the whole of society. For example, cool cat (aloof, stylish person), Mr. Charley (a white
man), The Man (the law), and Uncle Tom (a meek black) all originated in the
predominantly black Harlem district of New Yprk City and have traveled far since their
inception. Slang is thus generally not lied to any geographic region within a country.
A slang expression may suddenly become widely used and as quickly dated (skiddoo). It
may become accepted as standard speech, either in its original slang meaning (bus, from
omnibus) or with an altered, possibly tamed meaning (jazz, which originally had sexual
connotations). Some expressions have persisted for centuries as slang (booze for alcoholic
beverage). In the 20th century, mass media and rapid travel have sped up both the
circulation and the demise of slang terms. Television and novels have turned criminal 'cant
into slang (five grand for $ 5000). Changing social circumstances may stimulate the spread
of slang. Drug-related expressions (such as pot and marijuana) were virtually a secret jargon
in the 1940s; in the 1960s they were adopted by rebellious youth; and in the 1970s and 80s
they were widely known.
26. The passage mainly discusses
A. the social function of slang and jargon
B. the origins of slang and its social application
C. how jargon differs from slang
D. the relationship between slang and subcultures
27. With reference to the outstanding contributors to the birth of slang, the author
mentions all of the following except
A. athletes B. clergy
C. doctors D. philosophers
28. The word They in line 7, para. 2 refers to
A. slang expressions B. group members
C. attitudes and values D. the speakers
29. Slang expressions contrlbute to
A. the identification of individuals speech patterns
B. the basic lifestyle of a certain group
C. the identity of people as individuals
D. the identification of a social group
30. Which of the following, according to the passage, contributed to accelerating the
metabolism (新陈代谢) of slang expressions in the 20th century ?
A. Newspapers and magazines.
B. Rebellious youth.
C. Religious denominations.
D. Drug-users.
Passage 3 (Questions 31--35}
Read the following passage, and answer the questions after the passage.
The American victory in the Revolutionary War united 13 of the English-speaking
settlements into the largest and most powerful political unit in the territory, even though
those first 13 states hugging the eastern coast seem small compared with the country' s
eventual size. As a result of the Revolution, approximately 71,500 people out of a population
of some 2.5 million fled the new United States. Some were Loyalists--political or economic
refugees whose loyalties to Great Britain remained strong; others were blacks seeking refuge
from slavery. Immigration and the commercial slave trade after the war quickly restored the
population to its former level. The Revolution also opened up the area west of the
Appalachian Mountains to settlement, as fur traders and farmers were no longer confined by
British settlement restrictions. Pioneering citizens, immigrants, and slaves moved west,
displacing Native Americans who had hoped to preserve their cultures undisturbed by the
expanding United States.
The 17'th and 18th centuries saw a growing importation of Africans into North America.
After 1808 U. S. law forbade the importation of slaves from abroad, although some
smuggling of slaves continued. Few people from Africa chose to come to the United States
vohmtarily (the free African population was small) because they were considered second-
class citizens, and confined largely to the northern states. Large numbers of Europeans
migrated to the United States in the early national period, drawn by the promise of freedom,
cheap land in the West, and jobs in the first factories of the emerging industrial age. The
influx of Europeans, the end of the slave trade, and the ongoing wars removing Native
Americans meant that some of the racial diversity of the population was diminishing. By the
early decades of the 19th century, a greater proportion of Americans were of western
European and Protestant heritage than at the time of the Revolution.
Over the course of the 19th century, the United States gradually absorbed the French
colonists in the upper Midwest and in New Orleans, Louisiana; the Spanish and Russian
colonists in the South, West, and Northwest; and the territories of the Hawaiian people and
other indigenous groups. Sometimes these territories were added by diplomacy, sometimes
by brute force. European visitors were surprised at the diversity in nationalities and in
religious and secular beliefs in early America, as well as the number of intermarriages
between people of differing European heritages. There were also cross racial b[rths,
sometimes voluntary and sometimes by force, but rarely within legal marriages. The
population continued to grow through migration as well, driven in part by English, Irish,
and German settlers who came in large numbers around 1848 to escape political repression
and food shortages in Europe.
31. The American independence made all of the following leave the new country
EXCEPT
A. those who were hostile to the old colonialists
B. pro British colonialists loyal to the old political system
C. those attempting to free themselves from slavery
D. those who fled on account of economic problems caused by birth of the new
nation
32. It can be inferred from the passage that
A. slavery was soon abolished after the victory of the American Revolution
B. people didn't enjoy freedom of settlement in the West before the Revolutionary
War
C. native Americans moved abroad in large numbers during the War
D. the western expansion destroyed the environmental conditions in those areas
33. Which of the following stopped the influx of Africans into the United States in the
first decade of the 19th century?
A. Large numbers of European immigrants.
B. Some smuggling slaves.
C. Legislation by the government.
D. Second class citizens.
34. By , the United States succeeded in obtaining vast land from other colonies
during the 19th century.
A. military action and r~settlement
B. negotiations and re settlement
C. military action and negotiations
D. negotiations and industrialization
35. Implied, but not directly stated, is the fact that __ in early America.
A. there appeared to be many diverse nationalities
B. numerous different religions existed
C. marriages between European descendants were commonplace
D. marriages between different races were not encouraged or accepted
Passage 4 (Questions 36--40}
Read the following passage, and decide whether the statements are T (True) or lr (False).
Write your answers against the numbers on your Answer Sheet.
The global spread of English over tile last 40 years is remarkable. It is unprecedented in
several ways: by the increasing number of users of the language; by its depth of penetration
into societies; by its range of functions.
Worldwide over 1. 4 billion people live in countries where English has official status.
One out of five of the world's population speaks English with some degree of competence.
And by the year 2000 one in five over one billion people--will also be learning English. Over
70% of the world's scientists read English. About 85% of the world's mail is written in
English. And 90% of all information in the world's electronic retrieval systems is stored in
English. By 2010, the number of people who speak English as a second or foreign language
will exceed the number of native speakers. This trend will certainly affect the language.
English is used for more purposes than ever before. Vocabularies, grammaticai forms,
and ways of speaking and writing have emerged influenced by technological and scientific
developments, economics and management, literature and entertainment genres. What began
some 1,500 years ago as a rude language, originally spoken by obscure Germanic tribes who
invaded England, now encompasses the globe.
When Mexican pilots land their airplanes in France, they and the ground controllers use
English. When German physicists want to alert the international scientific community to new
discoveries they first publish their findings in English. When Japanese executives conduct
business with Scandinavian entrepreneurs, they negotiate in English. When pop singers
write their songs, they often use lyrics or phrases in English. When demonstrators want to
alert the world to their problems, they display signs in English.
Three factors continue to contribute to this spread of English: English usage in science,
technology and commerce; the ability to incorporate vocabulary from other languages; and
the acceptability of various English dialects.
36. The global spread of English was completed 40 years ago.
37. By 2010, there will be more native speakers of English than second or foreign
language speakers of English.
38. A pilot from Mexico will use English when landing his aircraft in France.
39. English continues to spread for at least three different reasons.
40. Over 85% of the world's scientists read English.
Part Ⅲ Writing Test {20 points}
Write short notes according to what you have learned in the course. ( 10 points for each one}
1, Please explain the style of science English.
2. What would you say to someone who thinks that some languages ave harsh and ugly
or primitive and illogical?
试卷代号：1029
中央广播电视大学2006-2007学年度第二学期"开放本科"期末考试
英语专业 变化中的英语 试题答案及评分标准
(供参考)
2007年7月
Part I Knowledge Test (40 points} Two points for each item
I.C 2, A 3. D 4. A 5. B
6, D 7. B 8. D 9. D 10, B
11. T 12. T [3. T 14. T 15. F
16. T 17. F 18. T 19. T 20. T
Part II Reading Test {40 points} Two points for each item
2l. F 22. T 23. F 24. T 25. T
26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A
31, A 32, B 33, C 34. C 35. D
36. F 37. F 38. T 39. T 40. F
Part III Writing Test 120 points )
For reference:
1. {Award a maximum of 10 points for any 5 of the following, 2 points for each correct
idea expressed}
1)Science English is difficult for the ordinary users of English.
2)The style is remote sad impersonal.
3)The topics of the sentences are very often abstract.
4) The passive voice is used very frequently.
5)The style makes people feel they are looked down by the writer.
6)The writers assume large areas of shared knowledge.
2. (2 points for each correct point)
A. This can only ever be an opinion, not a fact, because all ]anguages are equal. They
ail deserve respect.
B. All languages must Be taken seriously and all languages serve perfectly well the
purposes of those who use them.
C. Some think a primitive language is a particular language, which has no grammar.
D. in fac; stone of the languages, spoken by people whose societies and ways of living
are primitive, have especially complicated languages.
E. So if someone says that a particular language is harsh or ugly, then that's an
expression of his or her taste.
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