There are 10 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
1. The following were the main Reformation leaders except ________________
A. Martin Luther.
B. Martin Luther King.
C. John Calvin.
D. The English King Henry VIII.
2. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?
A. Virginia.
B. Rhode Island.
C. New York.
D. Maryland.
3. The US had the first standard paper currency in __________.
A. 1839
B. 1880
C. 1863
D. 1913
4. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?
A. Protestant.
B. Catholics.
C. Islamic.
D. Judaism.
5. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?
A. Nature
B. Walden
C. The Scarlet Letter
D. The Fall of the House of Ulser
6. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?
A. Mathematics and languages
B. Politics and business education
C. Science and social studies
D. Music and physical education
7. Black Americans sang the anthem of the civil rights movement, __________ affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.
A. “Let it all hang out!”
B. “Hell, no, we won’t go.”
C. “We Shall Overcome!”
D. “Speak your heart without interruption.”
8. Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?
A. Baidu.
B. Facebook.
C. Teachbook.
D. MySpace.
9. __________ led to the end of the Pony Express System.
A. Telephone
B. Telegraph
C. Railroad
D. Steamboat
10. When was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) founded?
A. in 1945
B. in 1955
C. in 1948
D. in 1949
Section Two
There are altogether 20 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your
answers at the corresponding places on the ANSWER SHEET. (30 points)
1. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilizations were____________, __________ and__________ .
2. The Constitutional Convention was held in the year of__________ and the president of the Convention was__________ .
3. One advantage of corporation over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has ___________, so investors risked only the amount of their __________ and not their entire ____________.
4. According to the John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or ___________ voluntarily entered into by free people.
5. In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled __________, which intensified the political debate on __________.
6. About 90% of American students go to __________ schools and the rest of ________% attend ____________ school.
7. Those who worked in the civil rights movement included ___________, black and white young people , and some ___________ and some housewives.
8. US entertainment industry has grown up to cater to young tastes through pop music, text messaging, social websites like _________ and Twitter.
9. The inventor of the telegraph codes was __________.
10. The United States had its first test of the __________ bomb in 1952, and _______________ followed in 1953.
Section Three
There are 10 questions in this part. Decide whether each statement is true or false. Put a T for true and a F for false onto the answer sheet. (20 points)
1. The theory of politics of the American Revolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century.
2. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointment are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives.
3. When people buy stocks, they become part owner of the company.
4. There are more Catholics than Protestants in the US.
5. Henry James wrote several novels about Europeans living in America.
6. It takes at least four years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US.
7. A social movement is possible only when there are organizations, and spontaneous actions.
8. President Richard Nixon’s administration was toppled because of the Watergate Affair, with many administrative officials later facing criminal charges and some being imprisoned.
9. Samuel F. B. Morse was the inventor of the telephone.
10. When Ronald Reagan became president in 1982, he wanted to beat the Soviet Union in the space technology race and so he initiated the Star Wars project.
Section Four:
Explain the following 5 proper names in no more than five sentences. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30 points)
1. Puritanism
2. Samuel Slater
3. The Scarlet Letter
4. The Civil Rights Movement:
5. Taylorism and Fordism
《英语国家概况（2）》专科模拟试题3答案
Section One: (20 points , 2 each)
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6.B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D
Section Two: (30 points, 1.5 each blank)
1. the Aztecs; the Incas; the Mayas
2. 1787; George Washington
3. limited liability; investment; assets
4. social contract
5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin; slavery
6. public; 10; private
7. Negro leaders; professionals
8. Facebook
9. Samuel F B Morse
10. hydrogen; the Soviet Union
Section Three: (20 points, 2 each)
1. F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5. F
6. T 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.T
Section Four: (30 points, 6 each)
1. Puritanism
Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God's elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone mustered the Bible in order to find God's will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.
2. Samuel Slater
In 1793, Samuel Slater built the first factory in the United States a cotton cloth factory a Pawtucket, Rhode Island. He built the factory from memory, because it was a crime to carry factor plant out of England. The success of his factory started a process of change that turned the northeaster region of the United States into an important manufacturing center and helped the nation become major cotton producer.
3. The Scarlet Letter
A novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Set in the Puritan past, this masterpiece is the star drama of a woman harshly cast out from her community for committing the sin of adultery. In this novel Hawthorne explored certain moral themes such as guilt, pride and emotional repression.
4. The Civil Rights Movement:
One of the most important of all social movement in the 1960s U.S. history. Rosa Parks ' spontaneous action in 1955 was believed to be the true beginning of the civil rights movement. The black students' sit in at a department lunch counter in North Carolina touched off the nationwide civil rights movement. During the first half of the decade, civil rights organizations like SNCC, CORE, and SCALD struggled f/or racial integration by providing leadership, tactics, network and the people. In the latter half of the decade, some black organizations changed their nonviolent tactics, and emphasized on more radical means to end discrimination and raised the self image of the blacks. The civil rights movement produced such great leaders as Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcolm X, who inspired a generation of both blacks and whites to devote their lives to fighting for racial equality in the U.S.
5. Taylorism and Fordism
At the end of the 19th century, American saw a significant technological development. This time it was about scientific management of production. Frederic Winslow Taylor conducted time-motion studies in order to discover the most efficient ways of laborers to accomplish their tasks. At the same time Henry Ford began to use the concept of the assembly line for manufacture, a notion borrowed from the practices of cattle slaughtering houses. So, Taylorism and Fordism combined to create a new system of manufacture in which the workers were turned into tools and they must work in a most dreary, mindless, alienating way.
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