电大《翻译与理论实践》期末复习资料

时间:2024-04-27 18:00:04 5A范文网 浏览: 复习资料 我要投稿

题型:

一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)

二、翻译句子。(每小题3分,共30分)

三、篇章翻译(每小题40分,共40分)

四、案例分析题(每小题10分,共10分)

一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)

1. 翻译的理想单位是:_______。

A.篇章      B. 句子       C. 词语       D. 单词

2.下面哪个选项是错误的?______。

A. He is the last man to come. 翻译为:他是最后来的。

B. He is the last person for such a job. 翻译为:他最适合干这个工作

C. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 翻译为:我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。

D. He is the last man to do it. 翻译为:他决不会干那种事情。

3.下面哪个选项是正确的?_____。

A. 中国人重直觉与具象,而西方人重理性与逻辑。

B. 中国人重个体,而西方人重整体。

C. 汉语重形式,而英语重意念。

D. 英语频繁使用对仗修饰格和四字词组。

4.“我们一定会战胜非典,共渡难关。” 请问下面哪个选项的译文是错的?_____。

A. We are sure to conquer SARS and pass the difficulties together.

B. We are sure to conquer SARS and overcome the difficulties together.

C. We are sure to conquer SARS and get over the difficulties together.

D. We are sure to conquer SARS and tide over the difficulties together.

5. 下面哪个选项是错误的?_____。

A. 上车后请刷卡。译文:Please brush your card when you get on the bus.

B. 她刷掉她上衣的灰尘。译文:She brushed the dust off her coat.

C. 他往蛋糕上刷黄油。译文:He brushed the cakes with butter.

D. 我把桌子刷成白色。译文:I washed the table with white.

A  B  A  A   A

6. 下面哪个表述是正确的?______。

A.英语属于印欧语系,是一种表意文字;汉语属于汉藏语系,是一种拼音文字。      

B. 英语属于综合分析语,词语组合成句主要依靠词序和虚词;汉语属于分析语。      

C. 英语句中单词修饰语一般放在中心词前面(少数只能作后置定语的单词除外),短语和从句一般放在中心词后面。汉语定语无论单词还是词组一般放在中心词前面。      

D. 英语重意合;汉语重形合。

7. _______于六七十年代提出了著名的“动态对等”即“功能对等”理论,强调译文与原文在内容上的一致和形式上的一致必须同时兼顾。

A. 皮特.纽马克

B. 尤金.A.奈达

C. 亚力山大.弗雷赛.泰特勒

D. 费道罗夫

8. Exporting to a certain number of countries is made difficult by the quantity of red tape.

译文:政府部门的繁文缛节使得向某些国家的出口贸易困难重重。

请问译文用了什么翻译技巧?______。

A. 意译               B. 直译

C. 意译+直译          D. 增词法

9.下面哪个选项是错误的?_____。

A. 这衣服将很快晒干。译文:The clothes will soon dry out in the sun.

B. 夏收以后,有些农民在公路上晒粮食。译文:After the summer harvest, some farmers spread their grains on the highway and have them dried out in the sun.

C. 你把客人晒在一边是不礼貌的。译文:It is impolite for you to ignore your guests.

D. 我的皮肤晒得比你黑。译文:My skin has become blacker than yours.

10. 下面哪个选项是错误的?_______。

A. 价美物廉。   译文:fine and cheap

B. 我们已按很低的价格向你们报盘。译文:We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.

C. 请报体温表最低价。译文:Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometer.

D. 对我们的业务建议如有兴趣,请寄样品,并告最惠条款。 译文:If you feel interest in our business proposal, please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions.

B   B   A   D    A

11. 下面哪句话的描述是错误的?________。

A.翻译的实质,就是用最贴近自然的译文语言再现原文信息,首先在风格方面,其次在意义方面。      

B. 翻译是跨语言,跨文化,跨社会的活动。      

C. 翻译是指从语义到文体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原文的信息。      

D. 翻译的过程,大致可分为理解、表达和校对三个阶段。

12. 美国语言学家雅可布逊把翻译分为三类:语内翻译、____________和符际翻译。

A. 语外翻译

B. 语符翻译

C. 语际翻译

D. 言内翻译

13. All the multilateral arrangements need to be examined for clauses that restrict the free trade.  

译文:对于所有各种多边安排都必须加以审查,以便研讨其中有无限制自由贸易的条款。

请问译文用了什么翻译技巧?______。

A. 省略法               B. 增词法

C. 词类转换             D. 反面着笔

14. 下面哪句话的描述是错误的?______。

A. 直译是指在符合译文语言规范的前提下,既保持原文的内容,同时又不改变其修辞或措辞特点的译文。

B. 意译是指保持原文的内容,但不能同时兼顾其修辞特点,不得不改变说法的译文。

C. 直译和意译为互补的两种翻译方法,即两种方法不分彼此,同等重要。

D. 直译法是主要的或基本的翻译方法,意译法是次要的补充的翻译方法。

15. “Joan can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.”可以翻译成:______。

A. 约翰为人可靠,他既忠诚又正直。

B. 约翰为人可靠,他一向不吃鱼,而且经常玩游戏。

C. 约翰被人依靠,他不吃鱼,玩游戏。

D. 约翰依靠别人,他很忠诚,不喜欢玩游戏。

A   C   B    D   A

16.泰特勒(Tytler)提出的著名翻译原则是:_______。

A. 译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容

B. 译文的风格、笔调应与原文的性质相同

C. 译文应像原文一样流畅自然

D. 以上选项都正确

17. “He will come again in autumn to discuss business for next year.” 请问下面哪个译文最合适?________。

A. 他秋天将再来讨论明年的生意。

B.他秋季将再来,洽谈明年的业务。

C.他秋天将再来洽谈明年的业务。

D.秋季,他会来洽谈明年的生意。

18. “You are kindly requested to let us have your best quotation for the canned fish.” 请问下面哪个译文最合适?________。

A. 请报鱼罐头最优惠的价格。

B. 请你们报给我们鱼罐头的最优惠的价格。

C. 请报鱼罐头最惠价。

D. 关于鱼罐头的优惠价格,请告知我们。

19.下面哪句话的描述是错误的?________。

A.美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B.“动态对等”原则是指,运用交际理论和信息论的原理,将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较,使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。

C.奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。

D.翻译求的是“形式对等”,而非”动态对等”。

20.下面哪个选项是错误的?_________。

A.He got all the credit for the discovery. 翻译为:他由于这项发现而获得各种银行贷款。

B.How much do I have to my credit? 翻译为:我们的银行户头上还有多少存款?

C.They sold grain on credit during time of famine. 翻译为:饥荒季节,他们则赊销粮食。

D.They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 翻译为:他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关的信用证。

D   B   C  D   A

二、翻译句子。(每小题3分,共30分)

1. A young South African runner who's undergone tests to determine her sex has won the women's 800 meters final at the World Athletics Championships in Berlin.

在柏林进行的世界田径锦标赛女子800米决赛中折桂的一名南非籍短跑运动员日前正在接受关于她性别的调查。

2. It was another one of those Catch-22 situations: you are damned if you do, you’re damned if you don’t.

这真是又一个左右为难的尴尬局面,做也倒霉,不做也倒霉。

3. For a trademark that has not been determined as famous, the applicant shall not file another application for the same trademark on the basis of the same facts and reasons within one year as of the decision is made. (注意:这是法律英语,注意措词的严谨性。)

未被认定为驰名商标的,自认定结果作出之日起一年内,当事人不得以同一商标就相同事实和理由再次提出认定请求。

4. By comparison with 1998, the foreign trade turnover of that country in 2003 increased 2.5 times.

和1998年相比,这个国家2003年的对外贸易总额增加了2.5倍。

5. Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. (请用直译法翻译)

问这么多穿着体面、举止文雅的人在一起,这位乡下姑娘感到自己就像是离水之鱼。(直译)。

6. This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. (注意契约语言的庄重性)

合同自买方和建造方签约之日生效。

7. VW(“大众”汽车) may not be much to look at. But beneath that humble exterior beats an air-cooled engine. It won’t boil over and ruin your piston rings. It won’t freeze over and ruin your life. It’s in the back of the car for better fraction in snow and sand. And it will give you about 29 miles to a gallon of gas. (注意:这是个广告用语)

“大众“或许不中看,但在其陋表下跳动的却是一台心脏部件:气冷式发动机。它不会因沸溢而毁坏活塞环,也不会因结冰而误了您的事。它位于车的后部,以增大雪地沙土上行驶的牵引力。约莫29英里,仅耗汽油1加仑。

8. Youth sees him on a job and in love. Now soft drinks will have to give way to coffee which is better yet somewhat sweet, at once puckery and fragnant. It gives a stimulating sensation suggestive of maturity, appealing to him, as he is fickle and moody.

进入青年期,他工作了,他恋爱了。这时他的口味已由汽水转向了咖啡,咖啡亦苦亦甜,也香也涩,有一种成熟的刺激感,符合了他复杂多变的心境。

9. We are not completely satisfied with your manner of doing business. (请运用反面着笔技巧翻译)

贵方做生意的态度有待改进。

10. At 60 miles an hour the loudest noise in this new Rolls-Royce comes from the electric clock. (请注意:这是一句广告标题)

时速60英里的这种新式“劳斯莱斯”轿车  最响的噪音是来自车内的电钟。

11. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. No household can get on without it, for it is used in cooking. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. Soaps are made from vegetable and animal oils. (请注意英语与汉语的句式差异)

植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。任何家庭都离不开它,因为做饭的时候就要用它。有些花儿产生的油可以用来制造香水。植物油和动物油还可以用来制作肥皂。

12.这是我们的包装设计,请转给厂方,供他们参考。(请用“疑问句”翻译,注意外贸信函的特点)

This is our design for the packing. Could you possibly give it to the manufacturers for their reference?

13.饭店拥有各类高级客房385间(套),各种先进的服务设施为每位宾客提供尽善尽美的服务。(请注意酒店英语的措词)

The hotel houses 385 deluxe guest rooms and suites with a wide array of state-of-the-art equipment, hotel facilities and services, making accommodation as comfortable and convenient as possible, and catering to the individual needs of each guest.

14.We take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make prompt shipment of the merchandise. (请用减词法翻译)

兹奉告,该商品可即期装运。

15.她负责安排生产,以确保如期完成订单。(请注意涉外文书词语特点)

She is responsible for making sure orders are processed on time.

 

三、篇章翻译(每小题40分,共40分)

Two-Parent Families Growing Scarcer /(From Reuters)  

The traditional U.S. household comprised of a married couple with children has become scarcer, a reflection of more women working and a view that marriage is not always desirable, researchers said on Wednesday.

The most common living arrangement in the United States consists of unmarried people and no children, which made up one-third of all households in 1998, double the percentage in 1972.

Meanwhile, the traditional nuclear family -- a married couple with children -- made up 26 percent of households in 1998, down from 45 percent in 1972, according to a survey conducted by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago.

在美国,传统的由夫妇俩和孩子组成的家庭数量已经减少,这反映了有更多的妇女就业,同时反映了一个观点,即婚姻并非总是悦人心意。研究人员周三如是说。

在美国最常见的家庭(生活)模式包括同居夫妇和没有子女。在1998年,这种模式占家庭的三分之一。这比1972年翻了一番。

与此同时,传统的核心家庭,即一对夫妇和孩子组成的家庭,在1998年占家庭总数的26%,与1972年相比,下降了45%。设在芝加哥大学的全国民意调查中心所作的调查认为。

 

Women Who Want to Live on the Edge

 

Tracey Moseley was always a bit of a tomboy. Growing up on a farm, she and her brother spent hours messing around on their bikes in England’s countryside.

Now though, those hours have paid off as the 24-year-old has become the world’s Number Three female downhill mountain bike racer, and spends her time careering down slopes at high speed, jumping over rocks and cycling through mud.

Moseley’s phenomenal achievement is not just about exploring physical limits. She is one of Britain’s new breed of female daredevils who have entered the male-dominated world of extreme sports and, against the odds, are conquering it.

挑战极限运动的女性

特蕾西.莫斯丽总是有点像男孩子。因为在农场长大,她和她哥哥经常骑自行车在英国的乡下闲逛,一逛就是几个小时。

然而现在,这个24岁的女孩已经成为世界上排名第三的山地车速降赛女运动员,整天从上坡上往下高速飞驰,跃过石头,穿过泥泞,她花的时间让她取得了成功。

莫斯丽的非凡成绩不只是关于探索体能极限的。她是英国新类型勇敢女性之一,这些女性已经进入男性占统治地位的极限运动,而且,尽管很困难,她们终于征服了这个领域。

Justice

If we could get rid of injustice! How shall we labour to bring about that great result? How shall we get the rulers of nations to cease to aspire (渴望)to obtain power over other; how shall we get the members of nations to be just to one another, so that they shall not even tolerate the thought of wrong-doing? How shall we get amongst the nations what we have succeeded in obtaining within nations----a reference to law instead of to force, an appeal to the privileges(权利) and powers of society for enforcing justice, instead of a resort on one’s own account to the force which may command to compel justice? How, I say, can we hope to bring about this great result?

正义

我们若能摆脱不公正现象有多好啊!我们怎样才能努力实现这一美好的前景呢?我们怎样才能让各个国家的统治者不再有追求主宰别国的欲望:我们怎样才能让各国之间公正相处,这样,他们甚至连作恶的念头都不能容忍?我们怎样才能在国家之间做到我们在国内已经做到的事情---诉诸法律而不是诉诸武力,呼吁公民的基本权利和社会力量来实施正义,而不是为了自身的利益而诉诸武力,用以强行实施正义?我说,我们怎样才能希望这一美好的前景得以实现呢?

Pavilion Features

The first World Expo came about in the United Kingdom and was then known as the Great Exhibition, held in the Crystal Palace at Hyde Park. This majestic metal-and-glass edifice(大建筑物) was not only home to the extravaganza (盛大表演)display of products from all over the world, but was also the iconic(标志) symbol of the world fair, being considered one of the most beautiful structures in the world until a fire destroyed it half a century ago. Now, the United Kingdom has brought to Expo visitors a new version of the Crystal Palace – a dazzling cube(水晶宫) formed by more than 60,000 slim and transparent acrylic rods(亚克力杆) containing seeds of different plants.

展馆特色

第一届世博会在英国海德公园的水晶宫中举行,当时被称作“大展览”。水晶宫是一座由金属和玻璃建成的宏伟建筑,它不仅是世界上各式各样的展品齐聚一堂的场所,还是世博会的标志,在1936年被烧毁之前,一直被视为世界上最漂亮的建筑物之一。如今,英国又将一座新版的水晶宫呈现给参观者们-由6万根蕴含不同植物种子的透明亚克力杆组成的巨型“种子殿堂”。

四、案例分析题(每小题10分,共10分)


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